Attempting Mqtt Connection...failed
MQTT Errors:
If yous are using the MQTT protocol in any of your IoT projects to communicate with IoT Cloud, and then you might aware of the following errors.
Attempting MQTT connection… Failed. rc=-1, or rc=-ii or rc=-4.
These are the general errors you will get while trying to communicate with whatsoever MQTT servers.
my channel/website comment box and email flooding with these types of errors to seek assist to solve these errors every day. I have been answering these emails for a long. but the number of people is increasing and it is very difficult for me to answer to everybody. therefore, I have decided to make a video to explain these MQTT error codes and bear witness y'all how to solve these.
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Now, let's dive into the episode.
Video Tutorial: Full general MQTT Errors Explained.
This tutorial is also bachelor in video format, y'all can scout the below videos or continue reading this article.
MQTT:
Before jumping into the MQTT mistake codes and solving the procedure. let's understand the MQTT protocol commencement. I volition try to explain the MQTT protocol briefly.
MQTT was invented by Dr. Andy Stanford-Clark of IBM, and Arlen Nipper of Arcom (now Eurotech), in 1999.
MQTT Stands for Message Queue Telemetry Ship. MQTT is standard for IoT Messaging.
MQTT is an Haven standard messaging protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT). It is designed as an extremely lightweight publish/subscribe messaging transport that is platonic for connecting remote devices with a small lawmaking footprint and minimal network bandwidth.
Today, MQTT is used in a broad multifariousness of industries, such as Automotive, Logistics, Manufacturing, Smart Abode, Consumer Products, Transportation
MQTT Architecture:
MQTT follows Pub-Sub Architecture.
Publisher MQTT client will publish data to the MQTT broker. on the other hand, the Subscriber-MQTT client will subscribe to the MQTT banker to receive the item data. Based on the subscription condition, the MQTT broker will decide which subscribers should receive the published data from the Publisher MQTT Client.
Coming to the error codes, these are generated when nosotros attempt to connect to MQTT Brocker.
A broker will return a code that tells the customer whether the connectedness effort was successful or non.
Earlier going deep about the error or return codes, permit'south see how this MQTT connection works.
MQTT Connection:
The MQTT protocol is based on TCP/IP. Both the client and the broker demand to have a TCP/IP stack.
The MQTT connection is ever between ane client and the broker. Clients never connect directly.
To initiate a connection, the client sends a CONNECT message to the broker. The broker responds with a CONNACK message and a status code.
Once the connection is established, the broker keeps information technology open until the client sends a disconnect command or the connection breaks.
Now allow'south look at the MQTT CONNECT command message. To initiate a connection, the client sends a command message to the broker.
A good-natured MQTT client sends a connect message with the following content.
If this CONNECT message is malformed or too much time passes between opening a network socket and sending the connect message, the banker closes the connection.
This beliefs deters malicious clients that can slow the banker downwards.
When a broker receives a CONNECT message, it is obligated to respond with a CONNACK message.
The CONNACK message contains two data entries:
The session nowadays flag
session present flag tells the client whether the banker already has a persistent session available from previous interactions with the client.
A connect return code
a return code that tells the client whether the connection attempt was successful or not. this is the code we are talking nearly.
MQTT Error Codes & Esplanation:
Currently, there are half dozen return codes available. Code values, Return Lawmaking Responses, and their Descriptions as follows.
MQTT Fault Codes & Solving Procedure.
More often than not, there are 3 scenarios, which cause these problems.
ane. Network Connectivity- if there is no internet connection enabled on the connected network or No cyberspace connectedness on the WiFi, Cellular Signal causes these errors. also if in that location is an outage in the area at the local SIM bill of fare operator, y'all will run into the error.
2. Credentials – In my AWS video, We volition use certificates as credentials, if there is whatsoever problem with those certificates, you may get an fault. Full general mistakes, you forgot to upload certificates to the SPIFFS memory. or you forgot to change the proper noun of the certificates in the code.
3. Subscription – You may forget to subscribe to the topic on the MQTT banker in our case AWS IOT core.
For the past 4 years, I accept been working with this MQTT protocol to connect my IoT devices to the IoT Cloud. About probably these 3 were the bug I have encountered.
Check if your current problem matched with any of the above 3 general mistakes. try to solve them accordingly. if you still face up whatsoever other issues. please draft a post to " askus.electronicsinnovation@gmail.com"
That's all about MQTT Error codes. Stay tuned to electronics innovation for more interesting episodes.
Run into you on the next interesting episode. bubyeeee…
Video Tutorial: Full general MQTT Errors Explained.
This tutorial is also bachelor in video format, you can spotter the below videos or proceed reading this article.
Source: https://electronicsinnovation.com/solved-attempting-mqtt-connection-failed-rc-1-or-rc-2-or-rc-4-general-mqtt-errors-explained/
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